Theta Plasmid Replication
Theta Plasmid Replication General Structure of Plasmid Origins of Replication Replication starts from the origin of replication (ori). It refers to the portion of the […]
Microbial Genetics
Plasmid incompatibility
Plasmid incompatibility: The inability of two or more plasmids to coexist stably in the same cell is known as Plasmid incompatibility. This function of plasmids […]
Plasmid copy number and control mechanism
Plasmid copy number: The copy number plasmid means the number of plasmids that are normally present in a single bacterial cell. The size and copy […]
Mechanism of Plasmid replication: theta and rolling circle DNA replication
Plasmid Replication Those DNA molecules which can replicate autonomously are known as replicons. Example: Plasmids, phage DNA, chromosomes. Plasmid can replicate independently. Replicons have at […]
Plasmid: characteristics, types, functions and host range
Plasmid Plasmids are the extrachromosomal genetic elements found in bacteria. They are circular pieces of DNA that are extra genes. About 1-20 copies of plasmids […]
Mechanism of induced mutation: base analogs, base alteration, intercalation, pyrimidine dimer formation
Induced mutation Induced mutations are induced by known factor- such as-physical (ionizing irradiation, ultraviolet light), chemical and biological mutagens (bacteria and viruses). Mechanism of induced […]
Transduction: generalized and specialized transduction
Transduction: generalized and specialized transduction Transduction is a method of gene transfer in bacteria from donor to recipient using bacteriophage. In transduction at first bacteriophage […]
High frequency recombination (Hfr) cell conjugation and F-prime (F’) cell
High frequency recombination (Hfr) cell conjugation and F-prime (F’) cell Hfr cell When F-plasmid (sex factor) integrated with chromosomal DNA then such bacteria is known […]
Bacterial Conjugation: steps and mechanism of transfer of plasmid from donor to recipient cell
Bacterial Conjugation: steps and mechanism of transfer of plasmid from donor to recipient cell Conjugation in bacteria is a process in which plasmids are transferred […]
Bacterial Transformation: Competence in gram positive and gram negative bacteria
Transformation in Bacteria Transformation is the process of introduction of derived DNA fragments from a donor bacteria into a recipient bacteria. It is one of […]