Microbial Chitinase: production process and applications
Chitinase: Chitinases are hydrolytic enzymes with the size ranging from 20kDa to about 90kDa. Chitinase present in wide range of organisms such as bacteria, fungi […]
Microbial Proteases: industrial application and production process
Enzymes- Introduction Enzymes are proteins which catalyzes specific biochemical reactions is a very efficient manner. Enzymes can be produced by different types of micro-organisms, plant […]
Shigella: antigenic structure, cultural characteristics and biochemical tests
Genus: Shigella Dysentery is a clinical condition of multiple etiology characterized by frequent passage of blood-stained mucopurulent stool. The causative agent of bacillary dysentery (Disease […]
Microbial α and β amylase- Production process and industrial applications
Amylase enzyme: Starch, a glucose polymer is one of the most widely available plant polysaccharides which is hydrolysed by an enzyme called amylase. One of […]
Salmonella: morphology, antigenic structure, cultural and biochemical characteristics
Genus Salmonella: Salmonella is an enterobacteria (fermentative, facultative anaerobes, oxidase -ve, gram -ve rods, catalase +ve). Motile (generally), aerogenic, non-lactose fermenting urease -ve, citrate +ve, […]
Single cell protein (SCP): Substrate and steps involved in production
Single cell protein: The dried cells of micro-organisms (Algae, Bacteria, Actinomycetes and fungi) used as food or feed are collectively called microbial protein. The term […]
Primary cell culture-Preparation of primary chick embryo fibroblast (CEF) culture
What is primary cell culture? The stage of the culture after isolation of the cells but prior to the first sub culture after which it […]
Oxidative phosphorylation: Electron transport chain and ATP synthesis
Oxidative phosphorylation: Reducing equivalent NADH, FADH2 generated during glycolysis and the link between glycolysis and Kreb’s cycle are used to synthesize ATP by a process […]
Antigen processing and presentation: Cytosolic and Endocytic pathway
Antigen processing and Antigen presentation Antigen processing is a metabolic process that digests the proteins into peptides which can be displayed on the cell membrane […]
Antibody Mediated Immunity (AMI): Activation and mechanism of antibody mediated antigen removal
Antibody mediated immune response The antibody mediated immune response is also known as humoral immunity. It is the host defense mechanism that are mediated by […]