Disorders/diseases caused by deficiency or over secretion of various hormones

Gaurab Karki — Tue, 14 Aug 2018 16:19:14 +0000

Disorders/diseases caused by deficiency or over secretion of various hormones

Hormones

Causes

disorder/disease

Symptoms

Growth hormone (hormone of anterior pituitary gland)

· Deficiency in children

· Drawfism

· Stops growth of long bone

· Prematuration of body

· Dwarf appearance

· Over secretion in teen age

· Gigantism

· Elongation of long bones

· Results in giants appearance

· Over secretion in adults after adolescence

· Acromegaly

· Enlargement of body parts

· Gorilla like appearance

Vasopressin or ADH (hormone of posterior pituitary gland)

· Deficiency of ADH

· Diabetes insipidus

· Large quantity of hypotonic urine

· No glucose in urine

Thyroid hormone (thyroxine)

· Deficiency in children

· Cretinism

· Potbellied, pigeon chested children with physical and mental retardation

· Growth retardation

· Deficiency in adults

· Myxedema

· Puffiness of skin; mental retardation,

· Low body temperature, low blood pressure, low BMR

· Deficiency of iodine in diet results in deficiency of thyroxine

· Simple goiter

· Swelling in thyroid gland results in swelling of neck region

· Low BMR, low Blood pressure, low heart rate

· Fatigue, sluggishness

· Over secretion of thyroid hormone

· Exophthalmic goiter or Grave’s disease

· Goiter

· Bulging of eyes

· Increased BMR

· Increase Blood pressure and heart rate

· Restlessness and nervousness

Parathormone (hormone of parathyroid gland)

· Deficiency

· Parathyroid tetany

· Muscle spasms

· Sustained contraction of muscles may lead to death

· Over secretion

· Osteoporosis

· Decalcification of bones

· Bones become soft and porous

Cortisol (Hormones of adrenal cortex)

· Deficiency of both gluco and mineralocorticoids

· Addison’s disease

· Bronze color pigmentation of skin

· Low Na+ and high K+ level in blood plasma

· Decrease immunity

· Over secretion of cortisol

· Cushing’s syndrome

· Abnormal obesity

· High Na+ and low K+ in blood plasma

· Over secretion of aldosterone

· Aldosteronism

· High Na+ and Low K+ in blood

· High blood pressure, increase blood volume

· Over secretion of sex corticoids

· Adrenal virilism

· Male type secondary sexual characters such as beard, moustaches and hoarse voice in female

Insulin (hormone of pancreas)

· Deficiency

· Diabetes mellitus

· Increased blood sugar level

· Excretion of glucose in urine

· Increase urine volume

· Increase thirst

Testosterone (hormone secreted by gonad)

· Deficiency or failure of secretion

· Eunuchoidism

· Underdevelopment of secondary sexual characters in male